新课改背景下职前英语教师教育课程建设面临的挑战及思考

随着中国教育改革的不断深入和素质教育的不断发展,英语教师教育改革刻不容缓。文章对新课改背景下英语教师所面临问题进行了分析,并对高校英语教育本科专业如何面对新课改对人才的需求进行了思考。文章指出课程体系是人才培养规格和目标的集中体现,英语教育本科专业课程建设应进一步建立科学的课程设置体系,加强实践教学环节,丰富教学实践内容,与中小学建立教学科研合作伙伴关系,体现教育人才素质培养和富有创新思想的培养目标。     

大型复杂武器装备质量综合评价及其支持系统设计

从大型复杂武器装备系统的具体特点出发,运用基于TOPSIS主成分价值函数模型的主成分分析法（PCA）,构建了大型复杂武器装备质量综合评估模型。进行了实证分析,结果表明,该方法的应用使前三个主成分综合携带了原系统全部信息的96.04%,避免了信息的重叠和交叉,也克服了主观因素对评价的影响,更客观全面地反映了设备的质量状况。最后通过对其支持系统的设计,实现对企业与部队不同质量管理决策层的信息支持。     

Data‐driven variation source identification for manufacturing process using the eigenspace comparison method

Variation reduction of manufacturing processes is an essential objective of process quality improvement. It is highly desirable to develop a methodology of variation source identification that helps quickly identify the variation sources, hence leading to quality improvement and cost reduction in manufacturing systems. This paper presents a variation source identification method based on the analysis of the covariance matrix of process quality measurements. The identification procedure utilizes the fact that the eigenspace of the quality measurement covariance matrix can be decomposed into a subspace due to variation sources and a subspace purely due to system noise. The former subspaces for different samples will be the same if the same variation sources dominate. A testing procedure is presented, which can determine the closeness of the subspaces under sampling uncertainty. A case study is conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of this methodology. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006.     

基于部件模型的无人机系统小样本车辆目标识别方法

对地目标检测与识别是无人机系统典型任务之一,但受限于任务特殊性,往往难以获取足够的目标样本数据以实现高可靠的目标识别。为此,结合人的认知特性,提出一种基于部件模型的小样本车辆目标识别方法,可有效提高无人机感知能力。采用视觉显著性检测与物体性检测相结合的检测方法,提取目标可能区域;采用基于图论的GrabCut方法与最大类间方差法相结合的分割方法,分割目标并提取目标内部件;采用基于概率图模型的部件识别方法,通过将部件轮廓稀疏表示为条件随机场,并进行概率推理实现部件识别;采用基于贝叶斯的目标识别方法完成目标是否为车辆的判断。通过无人机拍摄的车辆图像验证表明,算法可在样本较少、光照变化、存在遮挡等情况下,以较高准确率检测并识别出车辆目标,同时识别算法具有一定可解释性。     

条件事件的表示

为了进行条件推理，本文讨论了条件事件的表示，并给出了相应的逻辑运算规则，引入了零事件间的概率比和多重条件事件的超条件事件概率的概念，它们均是无条件情形的推广。     

C++Builder 控件技术在自助售票机中的应用

用C++Builder强有力的控件技术及多线程技术,实现一个32位串口控件,并将其应用于串行设备软件接口,走出传统的由动态链接库提供低层接口软件的方式,从而大大减轻上层应用软件的开发负担     

“9·11”世贸大楼坍塌原因数值分析

数值分析表明,"9·11"恐怖袭击事件造成纽约世贸大楼的内部竖向承重钢结构的防火保护层在爆炸中严重脱落,火灾高温使钢材强度大幅度降低,导致着火层群柱失稳,上部巨大的冲击荷载把下层柱逐层压渍,引发连续坍塌.最后对超高层建筑的结构设计提出建议.     

DPCA和GRNN在燃气轮机故障诊断的方法

选取其关键部件—喷口加力调节器作为故障诊断研究对象,提出了一种基于动态主元分析(DPCA)和广义回归神经网络(GRNN)相结合的喷口加力调节器故障诊断方法。在燃气轮机专用试验平台对其进行试验,采集喷口加力调节器的高压转子转速、低压转子转速、燃油油量、燃油耗量等参数原始数据,对其进行预处理,并采用DPCA方法对其进行动态主元分析,提取其不同健康状态的主元,构建特征向量,采用特征向量构建GRNN神经网络故障诊断模型,并通过测试数据对该方法的有效性进行试验验证。为表明该方法的有效性,采用了基于GRNN和基于DPCA-RBF的方法对喷口加力调节器不同健康状态进行了诊断技术研究,并对不同方法所得到的诊断结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,采用DPCA和GRNN相结合的故障诊断方法能有效识别出喷口加力调节器不同的健康状态,具有很好的实际应用价值。     

两相黄铜HPb59-1锻件的腐蚀缺陷分析

某军品的黄铜锻件在生产过程中产生了一种凹坑腐蚀缺陷。用金相方法对其显微组织进行研究,确定该组织缺陷由外氧化皮、内氧化区和脱锌带三部分组成,得出产生该缺陷的根本原因在于锻件酸洗时造成了缝隙腐蚀。     

Bayesian inference based on partial monitoring of components with applications to preventive system maintenance

Consider a binary, monotone system of n components. The assessment of the parameter vector, θ, of the joint distribution of the lifetimes of the components and hence of the reliability of the system is often difficult due to scarcity of data. It is therefore important to make use of all information in an efficient way. For instance, prior knowledge is often of importance and can indeed conveniently be incorporated by the Bayesian approach. It may also be important to continuously extract information from a system currently in operation. This may be useful both for decisions concerning the system in operation as well as for decisions improving the components or changing the design of similar new systems. As in Meilijson [12], life‐monitoring of some components and conditional life‐monitoring of some others is considered. In addition to data arising from this monitoring scheme, so‐called autopsy data are observed, if not censored. The probabilistic structure underlying this kind of data is described, and basic likelihood formulae are arrived at. A thorough discussion of an important aspect of this probabilistic structure, the inspection strategy, is given. Based on a version of this strategy a procedure for preventive system maintenance is developed and a detailed application to a network system presented. All the way a Bayesian approach to estimation of θ is applied. For the special case where components are conditionally independent given θ with exponentially distributed lifetimes it is shown that the weighted sum of products of generalized gamma distributions, as introduced in Gåsemyr and Natvig [7], is the conjugate prior for θ. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 551–577, 2001.